Bad: Porovnání verzí

Verze z 27. 11. 2014, 10:05

Bad (adj.)

Form^[1]

ME: badd, badde, bad

Comparative ME– badder

Superlative ME –baddest

Common in the 14c-18c, but yielded to comparative worse and superlative worst.

Origin^[2]

Uncertain; possibly from Old English derogatory term bæddeland and its diminutive bædling "effeminate man, hermaphrodite, pederast," probably related to bædan "to defile."

Meaning^[3]

- inferior in quality;

- wicked, evil, vicious; (esp. 13c.)

- in a privative sense: not good

- containing or characterized by errors, faulty;

- lacking or failing to conform to moral virtue, immoral; - with reference to sickness, injury, or unhappiness;

- in ill health, unwell, poorly, sick; suffering from disease or injury

Semantic shift'^[4]

- from the derogatory meaning, bad used as a general term of approbation: good, excellent, impressive; esp. stylish or attractive which might have emerged from the ambivalence of expressions like bad nigger, used as a term of reproach by whites

References

↑ "bad." The Oxford English Dictionary. www.oed.com 26 Nov 2014.http://www.oed.com.ezproxy.is.cuni.cz/view/Entry/14540
↑ "bad." Online Etymology Dictionary. Harper, Douglas. 26 Nov 2014 http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=bad&searchmode=none
↑ . "bad" The Oxford English Dictionary. www.oed.com 26 Nov 2014.http://www.oed.com.ezproxy.is.cuni.cz/view/Entry/14540
↑ "bad" The Oxford English Dictionary. www.oed.com 26 Nov 2014.http://www.oed.com.ezproxy.is.cuni.cz/view/Entry/14540

[1] "bad." The Oxford English Dictionary. www.oed.com 26 Nov 2014.http://www.oed.com.ezproxy.is.cuni.cz/view/Entry/14540

[2] "bad." Online Etymology Dictionary. Harper, Douglas. 26 Nov 2014 http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=bad&searchmode=none

[3] . "bad" The Oxford English Dictionary. www.oed.com 26 Nov 2014.http://www.oed.com.ezproxy.is.cuni.cz/view/Entry/14540

[4] "bad" The Oxford English Dictionary. www.oed.com 26 Nov 2014.http://www.oed.com.ezproxy.is.cuni.cz/view/Entry/14540

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Řádek 1: / Řádek 1: @@
 '''Bad (adj.)'''
-'''Form'''<ref name=":0">"bad." The Oxford English Dictionary. www.oed.com 26 Nov 2014 http://www.oed.com.ezproxy.is.cuni.cz/view/Entry/14540
+'''Form'''<ref>"bad." The Oxford English Dictionary. www.oed.com 26 Nov 2014.http://www.oed.com.ezproxy.is.cuni.cz/view/Entry/14540</ref>
-</ref>
   ME: badd, badde, bad
@@ Řádek 11: / Řádek 10: @@
 Common in the 14c-18c, but yielded to comparative worse and superlative worst.
-'''Origin'''<ref>"bad."  Online Etymology Dictionary. Harper, Douglas. 26 Nov 2014
+'''Origin'''<ref>"bad." Online Etymology Dictionary. Harper, Douglas. 26 Nov 2014 http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=bad&searchmode=none</ref>
-http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=bad&searchmode=none
-</ref>
 Uncertain; possibly from Old English derogatory term bæddeland and its diminutive bædling "effeminate man, hermaphrodite, pederast," probably related to bædan "to defile."
-'''Meaning'''<ref name=":0" />
+'''Meaning'''<ref>. "bad" The Oxford English Dictionary. www.oed.com 26 Nov 2014.http://www.oed.com.ezproxy.is.cuni.cz/view/Entry/14540</ref>
 -	inferior in quality;
@@ Řádek 35: / Řádek 31: @@
 '''
-'''Semantic shift''''<ref name=":0" />''
+'''Semantic shift''''<ref>"bad" The Oxford English Dictionary. www.oed.com 26 Nov 2014.http://www.oed.com.ezproxy.is.cuni.cz/view/Entry/14540</ref>''
 -	from the '''derogatory''' meaning, bad used as a general term of '''approbation''': good, excellent, impressive; esp. stylish or attractive which might have emerged from the ambivalence of expressions like bad nigger, used as a term of reproach by whites