Praguian Typology of Languages: Porovnání verzí

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* The '''Isolating''' (Analytical) type of language, i.e. English, has, as one of its defining properties, an abundance of function words
 
* The '''Isolating''' (Analytical) type of language, i.e. English, has, as one of its defining properties, an abundance of function words
* This fact leads to no need for many word endings because many of functions which in other types of languages might require a large amount of word endings are dealth with via '''grammatically fixed word order'''
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* This fact leads to no need for many word endings because many of functions which in other types of languages might require a large amount of word endings are dealt with via '''grammatically fixed word order'''
 
* The abundance of function words, including a substantial amount of monosyllabic ones, leads to a heavy '''dependance on vowels to distinguish the words'''.
 
* The abundance of function words, including a substantial amount of monosyllabic ones, leads to a heavy '''dependance on vowels to distinguish the words'''.
 
* That leads to a '''large amount of simple naming units''' which leads to conversion or word classes being commonplace as well with the lexicon being only weakly organized by means such as affixation.
 
* That leads to a '''large amount of simple naming units''' which leads to conversion or word classes being commonplace as well with the lexicon being only weakly organized by means such as affixation.

Verze z 29. 10. 2014, 15:42

Mutual Favourability of Fixed Word Order and Arcitles

  • The Isolating (Analytical) type of language, i.e. English, has, as one of its defining properties, an abundance of function words
  • This fact leads to no need for many word endings because many of functions which in other types of languages might require a large amount of word endings are dealt with via grammatically fixed word order
  • The abundance of function words, including a substantial amount of monosyllabic ones, leads to a heavy dependance on vowels to distinguish the words.
  • That leads to a large amount of simple naming units which leads to conversion or word classes being commonplace as well with the lexicon being only weakly organized by means such as affixation.
  • Another feature is occurence of prepositional cases and embedded clauses.
  • Ultimately, infinitives and possessive constructions exhibit prepositions and articles have the form of function words

Inflection Suffices With a Single Ending X Agglutination Languages Require Several Affixes

  • Agglutination grammatical affixes are not differentiated from the derivational ones
  • Inflection languages have in their stem alterations implied accumulation of functions in their endings (which express case, number and gender or person, number, tense and mood)
  • The accumulation of functions opens up possibilies for the inflection languages to convey the topic/focus articulation via word order as opposed to the agglutination languages
How is this reflected on phonetic level?
  • Agglutination languages produce much longer polysyllabic words and thus their reliance on vowels is lower which leads to possibility of vowel harmony
  • Inflection languages are more reliant on vowels than agglutination languages.
What is the typological relevance of grammatical gender?
  • Genders are in agglutination languages absent as is congruence.
  • Because of the functions of inflection endings the adjectives, which have their endings as well, express congruence as well as gender.