Analogy

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1. Using an example, explain the following statement: “analogy involves a relation of similarity”

Although analogy is one of the most frequent types of language change, there is no clear and precise definition of this phenomenon. What the various definitions share is that analogy involves a relation of similarity. This means that in analogical change, one piece of the language changes to become more like another pattern in the language where speaker perceives the changing part as similar to the pattern that it changes to be more like.

For example, the PDE words sorry and sorrow used to be distinct, but in the past sorry has undergone a change under the influence of sorrow to become more like sorrow. Sorry has its origin in OE sárig. The original á changed to ó, which was then shortened to o under the influence of similarly soudning sorrow, although these two words do not share the same historical origin.